Invitation

Now we will learn about the invitation. emhh .. What is it an invitation? We often receive invitations to attend an event. Okey. Rather than waste time we learn immediately wrote about the invitation.
Invitation is tell about how to invite or ask someone to come along or join a particular program or activity.



This time we'll see some example sentences to invite someone .. come on .. come on .. we see the example sentence:
* I would like you to
* Whould you like to….?
* Shall we…………..?
* Let’s have dinner together with me tonight

emhh .. example sentences to invite someone we have seen above example .. now we will see again a few examples to accept the invitation .. let us look again:
* All right!
* I will come
* I would love to

example sentences to invite someone we've seen. example sentences to accept the invitation too .. now we will see more example sentences to refuse / decline an Invitation .. let's see again.
* I’m afraid .I can’t
* That’s very kind of you,but……………..
* I can’t for now because I ‘m busy……………………….

This is a sample invitation image:

For the example of dialogue about Invitation
Dhina : Hi, don.What are you doing tonight ?
Doni : I wiil just stay at home
Dhina : Well,whould you like to come my birthday tonight?
Doni : Oww, you are going to celebrate your birthday, what time?
Dhina : At .06.00.p.m .Don’t be Late
Doni : All right .Thankz for you invite me
Dhina : Okay.See you tonight .Good bye
Doni : Good bye too

Appointment

next, we will learn about the Appointment.What is Appointment? emmhh .. immediately wrote us see what that Appointment. okey. come on.Appointment is tells about agreement for meeting. It is good to make an appointment before you meet someone or people.


then we will learn to make Appointment. let the sentences to make that appointment ..
 Wiil you do go out with me tonight?
 What if we go swimming this afternoon?
 I want to make an appointment to see…. (Dr. Jones)
 I’d like to make an appointment to see… (Dr. Jones)
 Can I come and see you?

next, we will learn to accept the Appointment. let's look at the sentences to accept that appointment ..
 No problem.
 It’s a deal.
 I’ll be there.
 O.K.
 What about….(Thursday)

last, we will learn to declining the appointment .let's look at the sentences to declining that appointment
 Sorry, I can’t.
 I’m sorry, I have another appointment.

Example dialog for appointment :

Happiness Expression

blaa.. blaaa.... blaaa... 
emhh .. what next? Oh yea .. now we will learn about Happiness Expression. what is about  Happiness Expression?

Simak

Baca secara fonetik

Happiness expression is an expression that is used to show that someone or people are glad have excited feelings.

approximately what would you say to express your happiness?haha .. certainly you will say the words or phrase that is below, for example:

• I'm happy
• Fantastic !
• I'm so glad to hear that
• I can't show how pleased/ delighted Iam about it
• Great !
• Wonderfull !
• Terrific !
• I'm (very) pleased /(really) delighted (about)...

Example image about happiness expression :

Example dioalogs about happiness expression :

Auliya : Yanti, why you don't eat now ? I've cooked your favourite food, chicken curry.

Yanti : Oh..have you ? Great Auliya !Thank you. I haven't eaten it for a long time.

Gaining Attention

Definition
Gaining attention is a way or expression that is spoken so that other people will pay their attention to that we want to.

How to gaining attention ?

• Attention, please !
• Excuse me
• Look here
• Listen to me, please
• Waiter ?
• Wow, really ?
• I'm listening

How to showing attention ?

• Look at you !
• How beautifull !
• What's the matter ?
• Is everything, all right ?
• Oh really ? Is it true ?
• Oh my god ! What happens ?
• Wow..really ?That's incredibble !

The axample about gaining attention :

Teacher : Attention please ! Next week we will have a test ! So, you must study to get a good score !

Students : OK, sir !

Sympathy Attention

Definition
Sympathy expression is an expression or feeling of pity and sorrow when we know and see someone or people are unlucky or have trouble and in bad condition. By expressing sympathy we want to show our concern of carefullness on other people's condition.

How can we give sympathy expression to someone ?
We express it directly to him/her orally or we can use a letter or card by post also by short message service (SMS) , e-mail, television, radio and newspaper if he/she who got the trouble is far from us.


Showing sympathy

• I'm sorryfor what's happened
• Oh you, poor little thing
• Look ! This not the end of the world
• (oh, dear) I am sorry (to hear that)
• That's a pity/shame
• You must be very upset
• Oh, no!
• I know how it feels !

The example about sympathy expression :

Kina : Sharly, are you okay ?
Sharly : Oh, no Kina ! Now, I don't have father !Why must my father ?
Kinna : Oh. .I'm sorry to hear that. But, this not the end of the world. You must be strong!
Sharly : Thank you, Kina. You are my best friend!

Giving Instruction

Definition
Giving intruction is an expression taht is used in other person does what we instruct or request

<< Notes >>: The tense used in giving intruction is "Simple Present Tense"

1) We used verbs as commanding word in the form of infinitive without to (V1)
Example

• sit down !
• cover your food !
• eat your meal !
• wash your hand !
• sweep the floor !
• clean the room !

2) We use the word dont + V1

Example

• don't climb
• don't let them in
• don't do it
• don't be a fool
• don't be a bad boy
• don't touch me

3) We use be + adjective, or noun, or adverb

Example

• be carefull !
• be happy !
• be a good student : noun
• be yourself
• be there
• be on time

4) We use the word "please" at the beginning/at the end of an intruction to make it sounds more polite.

Example

• sit down, please
• please don't do that

Announcement

Definition of announcement:
Annoucement is something said ,written,or paintend  to make know what has happened( more often) what will happen.
In writing an announcement ,keep the following points:

• The title/ type of event
• Date /time ,place and
• Contact person

For the example:

Recout Text

Definition
Recount text is a text that is used to retell events for the purpose of informing of entertaining.

The generic structure of recount text are :

• Orientation (it gives the reader the background information needed to understand the text such as who was involved, where it happened, when it happened)
• Events (a series of events, ordered in a chronological sequence)
• Re-orientation (restates the writer's opinion or personal comment of the writer on the incedent)

The significant lexicogrammatical features :

• Use of simple past tense
• Use of temporal conjunction (when, after, before, next, later, then)
• Use of personal pronouns (I,we) and nouns
• Use of adverbs (place, manner, time)

The example of recount text :

In The Sunny Day

 Orientation 

Last weekend, my family and I went to Rongkang beach near our grandparents' house. The day was sunny and hot, of course. It was on June. That's why the day was very bright. In our country, Indonesia, We had two seasons. They were dry season and rainy season. The dry season started from May and lasted for 5 months. While, rainy season started from November and ended in March. The view was so beautiful. There were many people at the beach. Most of them were teenagers.

Event

We were having fun. We built a sandcastle. We had to rebuild twice before it really stoodup. The first attempt failed because we built it too close to the water. And the second attempt, the suc­cessful one, was just right. The spot we chose was not too close to the water and the mixture was good.

Re-orientation

Our parents loved our work. Some people who passed our castle loved it, too. They even took pitures near our castle. We were so proud of our work that day.

Narrative Text

Definition 

Narrative text is a text to entertain, to gain and hold a reader’s interest. It’s usually like a fable, myth, legend, folklore, etc. However narrative can be also written to teach or inform, to change attitudes/social opinion.

The Generic Structure :

a. Orientation : Sets the scene and introduces the participants.

b. Complication : A crisis arises.

c. Resolution : The crisis is resolved, for better or for worse.

d. Re-orientation : (optional)

The Typical Elements :

a. Setting : When and where the story occurs.

b. Characters : The most important people or characters in the story.

c. Initiating Event : An action or occurrence that establishes a problem and/or goal.

d. Conflict : The focal point around which the whole story is organized.

e. Events : One or more attempts by the main character(s) to achieve the goal or solve the problem.

f. Resolution : The outcome of the attempts to achieve the goal or solve the problem.

g. Theme : The main idea or moral of the story.

The Characteristics of Narrative Text :

a. Using the Simple Past Tense.

b. It’s started with adverb, such as long time ago, once upon a time, in a faraway land, etc.

c. Using the conjunctions, such as then, after, that, before, etc.

The example of narrative text :

THE RING 

Orientation

One day, A girl was sitting on a chair at the gas station she worked at. She looked up and saw her boyfriend walk in.

Complication

As he was looking at snacks, a man walked in and pointed a gun at her. He had been admiring her ring her boyfriend had given to her as a token of his love. When he asked her to give it to him, she said no. Her boyfriend looked up just in time to see her shot. He ran over to the killer and beat him over the head with a hammer that was for sale. Then he ran and called 911. When the ambulance came, he was sobbing uncontrollably near his girlfriend.

Resolution
The doctor came over and felt for her pulse. Then he stood up and said she was still alive. Later at the hospital, as he was sitting beside her, he asked"Why didn't you just give him the ring?" and then she softly spoke"Because when you gave it to me, you said it was part of your love for me and I knew if I gave him the ring, I would lose that love." The next day, she was pronounced dead.

Procedure Text

Definition
Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps. I t explains how people perform different process in a sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next, finally, etc.

- The generic structure of procedure text are :

• Goal/aim (or title)
• Materials (not required for all procedure text)
• Steps (the action that must be taken)

- Linguistic Features

• Focus on generalized human agents (often implict)
• Use of simple present
• Use of mainly temporal conjunction
• Use of mainly action verbs (often imperratives)

Example of procedure text

Goal : How to make friedrice

Ingredients :

- a plate of rice

- 2 tablespoon oil

- 1 tablespoon soybean sauce

- 1 egg

- 5 shallots

- 2 cloves of garlic

- some salt and pepper

Equipments :

- a knife

- a frying pan

- a spatula

- a plate

Steps

1. Slice the shallots and garlic

2. Pour the oil into the pan and heat it

3. Cook the shallot and garlic until it smells nice

4. Put the rice into the pan

5. Season with some salt and pepper

6. Stir the rice until all the ingredients are mixed well

7. Put the rice on a plate.

Past Tense

Definition

Simple past tense is used to indicate the activity in the past. Furthermore, simple past is used for retelling successive events. So, it is commonly used in a story telling.

The formula of Simple Past Tense :

a. Without Verb :

(+) S + to be (was/were) + Obj. / Compliment

(-) S + to be (was/were) + not + Obj. / Compliment

(?) To be (was/were) + S + Obj. / Compliment + ?

Example : (+) I was at home last night

(-) I was not at home last night

(?) Was I at home last night?

b. With Verb :

(+) S + V₂ + Compliment

(-) S + did + not + V₁ + Compliment

(?) Did + S + V₁ + Compliment + ?

Example : (+) I called him last night.

(-) I did not call him last night.

(?) Did I call him last night?

Time Signal of Simple Past Tense :

>> Yesterday

>> Yesterday afternoon

>> Last night

>> Last month

>> Last week

>> Last year

>> An hour ago

>> In 1994

Present Tense

Definition

The simple present tense is used to indicate a situation right now at the moment of speaking.

<< Notes >>

• The simple present says something was true in the past, is true in the present, and will be true in the future.
• It is used for general statement of fact.
• The simple present tense is used for habitual or everyday activity.

Pattern

 Nominal

( + ) S + tobe + complement

( - ) S + tobe + not + complement

( ? ) Tobe + S + complement ?

 When using word question (W/H question such as what, who, why, when, where, which, how)

We simply put the question word in the beginning of the sentences and followed by the form of

question pattern above.

Example

Why is she angry ?

w/h + tobe + S + complement ?

 Verbal

( + ) S + V1 + s/es + O/C / adv

( - ) S + do/does + not + V1 + O/C / adv

( ? ) Do/does + S + V1 + O/C / adv ?

Greeting

Definition
Greetings is a very common expression s to say that we meet people or we want to be nice with them.

Formal Greetings
- Good morning (until about lunch time, before 12 a.m)
- Good afternoon (12-6 p.m)
- Good evening (until about 9 p.m)
- Good morning Sir, Ma'am,

Notes : Do not use "Good Bye" except in Australia.

Informal Greetings
- Hi, Shanty !
- Morning, Tom !
- Hello..

Initial Greetings
- How are you ? I'm fine thank you.
- How's it doing ?
- How are you doing ?
- How's life ?

Responding to initial greetings
- Very well, thank you. And you ?
- I'm good/okay/alright
- Oh, pretty good
- Not too bad, thanks
- Fine, thanks
- Excellent

Perpect Tense : PPT

Definition

Past perfect tense is a kind of tense that is used to describe an Action or an event that started in a certain time in the past and completed of finished certain time in the past too; or past perfect tense is used to Express an Action or an event that had happened before that other event or actionhappened.

Formula of Verbal Sentence:
(+)  SUBJECT + HAD + V3
(- ) SUBJECT + HAD + NOT + V3
(? ) HAD + SUBJECT + V3?

Example:
+ She had put my book on the table last nigth.
- She had not put my book on the table last night.
? Had she put my book on the table last night?

Formula of Nominal Sentence
(+ )SUBJECT + HAD + BEEN+ NON VERB

(- )SUBJECT + HAD +NOT + BEEN+ NON VERB

(?) HAD + SUBJECT + BEEN+ NON VERB?

Example:
+ I had been there when the accident hapenned.
- I had not been Three when the accident hapenned.
? Had had been there when the accident hapenned?

**note**

I had = I’d
You had = You’d
We had = We’d
They had = they’d
He had = he’d
She had = She’d
It had = It’d

Advertisement

 Definition

Advertisement is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the things that are offered or informed.

Function of advertisement
- promotion
- communication
- information

In making advertisement, keep the following points:
- Using the correct or suitable words
- Using the interesting and suggestive expressions
- Text of advertisement should be directed to the goals

Content of advertisement
- Objective and honest
- Brief and clear
- Not allude group or other producer

Kinds of advertisement
- Family advertisement
- Invitation advertisement
- Sponsored advertisement
- Request advertisement
- News advertisement

Media of advertisement
- By television
- By radio
- Billboard
- Leaflet
- Pamflet 

Example For Advertisement :

Part Of Body and Shape

SHAPES

Simple Straight sided shapes
Rectangle
Square
Triangle
Simple Rounded shapes
Circle
Oval
3D shapes
Cone
Cube
Cylinder
Pyramid
Sphere
Mathematical shapes
Parallelogram
Pentagon - 5 sides
Octagon - 8 sides
Miscellaneous shapes
Diamond
Heart

Part of Body

The Body = Tubuh
1.Hair = Rambut
2.Head = Kepala
3.Neck = Leher
4.Throat = Tenggorokan
5.Shoulder = Bahu
6.Chest = Dada
7.Back = Punggung
8.Waist = Pinggung
9.Stomach = Perut
10.Hip = Pinggul
11.Bottom = Pantat
12.Armpit = Ketiak
13.Arm = Lengan
14.Upper arm = Lengan Atas
15.Elbow = Siku
16.Forearm = Lengan Bawah
17.Wrist = Pergelangan Tangan
18.Fist = Kepalan Tangan
19.Hand = Tanagn
20.Palm = Tapak Tangan
21.Thumb = Ibu Jari
22.Finger = Jari Tangan
23.Nail = Kuku
24.Leg = Kaki
25.Thigh = Paha
26.Knee = Lutut
27.Calf = Betis
28.Ankle = Pergelangan Kaki
29.Foot = Kaki
30.Heel = Tumit
31.Instep = Kura-Kura Kaki
32.Sole = Tapak Kaki
33.Toes = Jari Kaki

THE INSIDES = ORGAN DALAM
1.Brain = Otak
2.Windpipe = Batang Tenggorokan
3.Heart = Jantung
4.Lung = Paru-Paru
5.Liver = Hati
6.Kidney = Ginjal
7.Intestines = Usus
8.Bladder = Kandung Kemis
9.Vein = Pembuluh Balik
10.Artery = Pembuluh Nadi
11.Muscle = Otot

THE EYE = MATA
1.Eyeball = Bola Mata
2.Eyebrow = Alis Mata
3.Eyelid = Kelopak Mata
4.Eyelashes = Bulu Mata
5.Pupil = Manik Mata
6.Iris = Selaput Pelangi

The Face = Wajah
1.Eye = Mata
2.Noise = Hidung
3.Ear = Telinga
4.Mouth = Mulut
5.Cheek = Pipi
6.Chin = Dagu
7.Temple = Pelipis
8.Forehead/Brow = Dahi/Kening
9.Jaw = Rahang
10.Moustache = Kumis
11.Beard = Janggut
12.Tooth = Gigi
13.Lip = Bibir
14.Tongue = Lidah